Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors present a versatile platform for biological processes. Their design encompasses an array of hollow fibers, serving as separation layers. Fine-tuning the structure and composition of these fibers is essential for achieving optimal bioreactor function. Key design considerations include fiber diameter, fiber distribu

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) emerge a prominent technology in the field of wastewater treatment. These systems integrate biological treatment processes with membrane filtration, offering a robust solution for removing contaminants from wastewater and producing high-quality effluent. MBRs consist of a bioreactor vessel where microorganisms degrade o